What term refers to the ability of a magnetic field to induce voltage in a conductor?

The ability of a magnetic field to induce voltage in a conductor is referred to as inductance. This phenomenon occurs when a changing magnetic field creates an electromotive force (EMF) within the conductor. Inductance is a fundamental property of electrical circuits, particularly in inductors, where it plays a critical role in the operation of transformers, motors, and other electromagnetic devices.

When a conductor is exposed to a magnetic field that varies over time, the changing magnetic flux through the conductor induces a voltage according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. The extent of this induced voltage is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic field and the physical characteristics of the conductor, such as its number of turns in the coil and its core material.

This concept is distinctly different from other terms mentioned in the choices. Resistance refers to the opposition to current flow in a conductor, impedance combines resistance and reactance in AC circuits, and reactance refers specifically to the opposition to the change of current due to capacitive or inductive components. Each of these terms describes different electrical properties, but none directly addresses the ability to induce voltage from a magnetic field as inductance does.