What is the most efficient method for transmitting electricity over long distances?

The most efficient method for transmitting electricity over long distances is achieved by using higher voltages. This approach significantly minimizes energy losses that occur due to resistive heating in the transmission lines. When electricity is transmitted at high voltage, the current flowing through the conductors is reduced for the same amount of power being transmitted. Since power loss due to resistance in the wires is proportional to the square of the current (P=I²R), a lower current results in significantly lower losses.

Using lower voltages leads to higher current levels, resulting in more power loss in the form of heat along the transmission lines. While alternating current and direct current methods have their own advantages, the voltage level is most critical for long-distance transmission. High voltage transmission is a well-established practice in the electrical industry to ensure that power can be delivered efficiently over substantial distances from generation sources to consumption areas without significant losses.